wheel construction

Today I finished the wheels of the carriage, they are ready to paint, as you can see already has the first coat of primer, to protect the wood and metal.
This carriage made very long and continuous journeys along roads with many holes, curves and inclinations, and the enormous weight it carried, so the wheels had to be strong, strong and compact, as you can see the rays are staggered to 3 and 7, which gives it great strength to torsion and traction shocks, the pins are also screwed to the wheel rims, thus reinforcing the whole set, in which each rear wheel weighed about 70 kg. particular attention was paid to these components of the malaposta carriages.
Some more photos from this compilation.
Given that this will be my last article published in this year 2017, I would like to wish all readers sincere wishes for a prosperous and healthy New Year. Jose. C. Brito.

 The hoops are silver-plated for strength

The spokes are staggered at 3 and 7 degrees, and the feloes are bolted to the rim of the wheel to give greater strength and solidity to the entire wheel assembly.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE WHEELS

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE WHEELS IN THE ROYAL MAIL COACHES

 In this image it is possible to see the scaling of the rays at 3 and 7 º.

 The various stages of wheel construction.

Jig to center and sharpen the spokes in the center of the wheel.

There were two components in the carriages, which the coachmen paid special attention to, the spear and the wheels, the first when it broke, the carriage was uncontrolled, and the wheels collapsed causing unpredictable accidents, each carriage of the original malaposta French, weighed approximately 1,900 kg. Empty, plus the passengers, up to 12, plus the mail load and other luggage, in total would be approximately 2,600 kg. That the wheels had to support along 300 km of the route between Lisbon Coimbra and Porto, for this reason the wheels of the carriages had special characteristics to withstand this enormous effort, to give an idea of ​​the robustness of these components, each rear wheel, therefore the largest, weighed between 60 and 70 kg, with the hardware, the cubes and the pines were made of hollywood, and with the semi-green wood, because in drought it was impossible to work it, had a behavior like iron , to give it even greater robustness, the rays were not symmetrical, but rather staggered at 3 and 7 degrees to the cube on the outside, in the investigations I have made in this respect, there are reports of, in the hottest months of the year I used to wrap a burlap soaked in water around the hub near the rays in order to keep the whole set more uniform and prevent the rays of the sun from falling on them, causing clearances and cracks and thus avoiding the collapse of the wheels. all the stations change a blacksmith's shop where they had spare wheels for all eventualities, the wheel axles were also lubricated with some regularity due to the great friction caused by the weight and great distances covered, the lubricants used were a mixture of oil with soap.
Regarding the wheels of this miniature that I am about to start, since they are very similar to the previous ones, I will not dwell on details, only the main parts that compose them, several people have approached me about the construction of the wheels, since it is a job that requires some skill and a lot of training, but here are some photos of this work.